中國傳統(tǒng)煉鐵工業(yè)目前面臨的環(huán)境及市場困境
The environment and market difficulty of traditional iron-making industry at present

MIDREX® 工藝介紹
MIDREX® process introduction

新的適合中國資源與環(huán)境的直接還原技術(shù)
The new MIDREX® direct reduction technology that is suitable for Chinese raw material resource and environment

1 The environment and market difficulty of traditional iron-making industry at present
中國傳統(tǒng)煉鐵工業(yè)目前面臨的環(huán)境及市場困境
1.1  the environmental awareness of  the public become stronger and stronger with the developing of the life standard
隨著生活水平的提高，人們的環(huán)保意識增強。
1.2  the pollution problem deteriorated to very severe situation, it starts to bring directly influence on the common life of people.
污染問題越來越嚴重，已直接影響到人們的日常生活。
1.3  the steel industry is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry.
鋼鐵行業(yè)是高能耗高污染行業(yè)。
1.4  It is impossible to be permitted  by government to build  a new BF in the area near the big city nowadays
在大城市已不允許再新建高爐。
1.5  Small BF face the environment and cost pressure
小高爐面臨環(huán)境和成本雙重壓力 

1.6  Close small BF and build big BF isn’t the only answer
拆小高爐建大高爐并不適于所有企業(yè) 

2 MIDREX® technology can retain their raw material advantage
MIDREX ®能保持小高爐對原料適應性的優(yōu)勢 

 小高爐Small B MIDREX®

3 MIDREX® can improve the grade of final products
MIDREX ®還能提高鋼鐵廠終產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量檔次 

4 MIDREX® process introduction
MIDREX® 工藝介紹
4.1 World’s leading direct reduction process: market share of ~60% or higher since 1984.
世界領先的直接還原技術(shù)：從1984年起，占有60%以上的市場份額
4.2Natural gas-based DR Market share was ~80% in 2009 / 2010.
以天然氣為基礎的直接還原鐵的市場份額超過80%
4.3Cumulative production of 640 million tons of DRI through 2010.
到2010年為止，直接還原鐵總產(chǎn)量超過6.4億噸
4.4 2010/2011 world DRI production:
2010/2011年世界直接還原鐵市場: 
 

4.5 New  MIDREX® plants since 2006
自2006年以來建設的MIDREX®工廠
 

4.6 The production rate increasing trend
世界直接還原鐵產(chǎn)量增長趨勢

5 The application of MIDREX® products in steel plant
MIDREX® 工藝產(chǎn)品在鋼鐵廠的應用
Direct Reduced Iron is Iron Oxide that has been   reduced (oxygen removed) to metallic iron without melting.
直接還原鐵（DRI）是不經(jīng)過熔化而直接還原形成的高金屬化率的鐵。
MIDREX®DRI is the world standard for high quality, highly metallic direct reduced iron.
MIDREX®DRI是高品質(zhì)、高金屬化率直接還原鐵的世界標準。

5.1 DRI use in Steelmaking
      直接還原鐵用于冶煉
Cold DRI, Hot DRI and Hot Briquetted Iron are premium feed materials for electric arc furnaces (EAF) to provide high quality of final products for its lower impurities content. HBI is a well known and proven coolant substitute for scrap to basic oxygen furnaces (BOF). HBI remarkably improves the productivity and fuel efficiency of blast furnaces  in plants with low BF capacity.
       DRI、熱壓鐵塊和熱DRI是電弧爐的優(yōu)質(zhì)爐料，因其雜質(zhì)含量低從而能提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。HBI是眾所周知和已實踐的替代廢鋼的轉(zhuǎn)爐冷料 在高爐產(chǎn)能不能滿足下游需求時，熱壓鐵塊加入高爐能顯著提高高爐的產(chǎn)量和降低燃料比。
Along the develop of Chinese steel industry,the proportion of high grade steel products will definitely increase. DRI has much lower impurities than scrap(copper, zinc, etc), use it to substitute scrap can improve the quality of final products, So the market demand of HBI and DRI will also increase in future. The estimate demand amount of HBI and DRI in China will increase to   above 20 million ton in next 10 years.
        隨著我國鋼鐵工業(yè)的發(fā)展，高端鋼鐵產(chǎn)品的比例將逐漸提高，對高質(zhì)原料HBI和DRI的需求量也會逐漸增大，今后十年直接還原鐵的需求量將增漲到2000萬噸。
The Pig iron market scale is about 23 million ton in 2012, these mostly are produced by small BF. Pig iron isn’t a feasible raw material of steel making if considering energy efficiency. Its market will be substituted by scrap and HBI、DRI soon. 
       生鐵2012年中國市場規(guī)模達到2300萬噸，主要由小高爐生產(chǎn)。鐵水鑄成生鐵煉鋼再化鐵的能源利用效率明顯不經(jīng)濟， 今后生鐵的市場必定被廢鋼和直接還原鐵取代。
 

5.2 MIDREX ® Process-Natural Gas
      天然氣MIDREX ®工藝
80% world DRI is made in MIDREX NG plant.
      世界上80%的直接還原鐵是用MIDREX天然氣工廠生產(chǎn)的。
 

MIDREX ® Process-Natural Gas

5.3 Typical Chemistry of MIDREX ® Iron
       直接還原鐵的典型化學成分

6 Where iron is made?
       鋼鐵廠世界分布
Eastern Aisa:706 million tons of hot metal
Rest of world:310 million tons of hot metal,70 Mt of DRI

7 The ratio of DRI in total iron production in the “rest of the world”                           
直接還原鐵占除亞洲外總鐵產(chǎn)量的比例
In the “rest of the world” DRI is almost one-fifth of all iron produced…
        在除亞洲外其它地區(qū)直接還原鐵達到總鋼鐵產(chǎn)量的五分之一
8 Why is there almost no gas base DR plant in China
為什么氣基直接還原未能在中國發(fā)展？
Insufficient and expensive natural gas resource in most area of China.

        
       中國大部份地區(qū)天然氣資源不足且價格昂貴。
The high standard steel material still only occupy very small portion of total steel production, for these low quality production like rebar, there is no need to strictly control its composition , then there is no need to use HBI as its raw material.
       高等級鋼材生產(chǎn)所占比例低，低等級鋼材對鋼鐵料的質(zhì)量要求不高。
9 The new direct reduction technology that is suitable to Chinese raw material resource and environment
新的適合中國資源與環(huán)境的直接還原技術(shù)
9.1 MIDREX ® start to develop utilizing syngas 
        MIDREX ® 考慮使用合成氣來生產(chǎn)DRI
MIDREX ® started to evaluate the utilization of syngas to reduce iron ore in MIDREX ® Shaft Furnace in the 1970s.
       米德雷克思在1970年代開始考慮采用煤氣化技術(shù)生產(chǎn)還原氣用于豎爐。
Because the NG is not a good long term solution in China, so MIDREX come to China with Gas sources include syngas, COG。
        因為中國使用天然氣生產(chǎn)DRI長期看不現(xiàn)實，因此我們豎爐已開發(fā)出使用合成氣，焦爐煤氣的應用技術(shù)。
The coal gasify process is suggested as a environmental solution to utilize the coal, it is a mature technology in chemical industry, there is long history and sufficient experience in China, it is  feasible in resource, technology and economic and reliable to utilize the syngas as the source of reduction gas.
        中國天然氣資源不足，但煤炭資源豐富，煤氣化被廣泛 推薦為一項清潔應用煤炭的技術(shù)，已在化工行業(yè)長期使用，用其生產(chǎn)還原氣在資源儲備，經(jīng)濟效益，技術(shù)可靠性方面都無任何問題。
9.2 MIDREX and PRAXAIR ® has developed a new MXCOL ® process
MIDREX ®和PRAXAIR ®已開發(fā)出焦爐煤氣用于生產(chǎn)DRI工藝 
This new Thermal Reactor System uses innovative partial oxidation technology to convert hydrocarbons (like COG) into high quality, high temperature syngas for Direct Reduction 
        熱反應器系統(tǒng)利用創(chuàng)新的不完全氧化技術(shù)將碳氫化合物（如COG）轉(zhuǎn)換為高質(zhì)量高溫度的合成氣，以用于直接還原反應。

9.3 The first commercial syngas MIDREX ® plant is south Africa Arcelor Mittal MIDREX ® plant
      首先實施的合成氣用于生產(chǎn)DRI的工藝是COREX® 輸出煤氣
A MIDREX ® Plant using Syngas from a COREX ? plant has been in operation since 1999.
      使用COREX ® 輸出煤氣的一座MIDREX的設備自1999年起一直良好運行至今。

9.4 The first use coal gasify to produce syngas for MIDREX ® plant is being built in last year in India
       世界首座采用煤制氣生產(chǎn)DRI工廠已在印度建設
Midrex® has already realized the commercialoperation of MXCOL® technology after  almost twenty years research. 
米德雷克思經(jīng)過二十多年的研究，已設計出煤制氣生產(chǎn)直接還原鐵工藝。Gasifier氣化爐:Lurgi ®魯齊Products產(chǎn)品:Hot DRI熱直接還原鐵 、Cold DRI 冷直接還原鐵Hot DRI Transport熱送類型:  Mechanical Conveyor 機械傳送帶Start-Up開爐時間: 2013Capacity產(chǎn)能:1.80 million tpy 180萬噸/年。

9.5 Using coal gasify technology to produce DRI
煤制氣用于生產(chǎn)直接還原鐵工藝

10 MXCOL® The coal quality requirement of MXCOL ® process
       工藝對煤的質(zhì)量要求
MXCOL ® was developed to use low cost coal(sub-bituminous, lignite), high ash coal (Ash content  from 15 to 45%) to produce a high quality reduction gas, which meet the requirement of the area where the natural gas is shortage or expensive.
MXCOL ®技術(shù)為使用低成本的煤炭（如次煙煤，褐煤等）來生產(chǎn)還原氣體用于直接還原，煤的灰分適應范圍高至45%。這一工藝是針對天然氣不足的區(qū)域發(fā)展直接還原事業(yè)的最佳解決方案。

11 The energy consumption of MXCOL ® and traditional process
    MXCOL ®工藝與傳統(tǒng)工藝流程的能耗
The total energy consumption of MXCOL ® technology is about 455～485kg standard coal/t DRI,  it is lower than the other direct reduction process and it is about 10～17% lower than traditional
BF(the average total energy consumption of iron making system is about 534 kg standard coal/t HM in the first half year of 2012).
MXCOL® 技術(shù)生產(chǎn)DRI的總能耗在455～485kg 標準煤/噸DRI,這比其它直接還原工藝的能耗低，比傳統(tǒng)高焦燒煉鐵工藝總能耗低10～17%（2012年上半年全國高爐系統(tǒng)的煉鐵平均能耗在約534 kg 標準煤/t鐵水）。
12 The emission of MXCOL and traditional process
MXCOL技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)工藝的排放比較
MXCOL ® technology can reduce CO2 emission by 15～20% and sulfurets by 70%, the  CO2 and sulfurets are removed from tail gas of the reduction shaft, the sulfurets of emission will be collected with the form of sulphur .
MXCOL® 技術(shù)能降低二氧化碳排放 15 ～ 20%， 降低硫化物排放70%。二氧化碳和硫化物從豎爐尾氣中脫除出來，硫化物最終以硫單質(zhì)的形態(tài)收集出來。

13 The feature of MXCOL ® technology
MXCOL ® 技術(shù)特點
MXCOL® are excellent solutions for China’s economic raw materials, energy and environmental challenges.
MXCOL®是極適合中國的原料，能源和環(huán)境條件的冶金工藝。
MXCOL® processes enable the use of domestic iron ore and energy resources.
MXCOL®工藝使得發(fā)揮本地經(jīng)濟鐵礦及煤炭資源優(yōu)勢成為可能。
MXCOL® can provide a source of economical DRI for us in EAFs, BOFs and BFs, in either new or existing steel complexes.
MXCOL®能為電爐、轉(zhuǎn)爐、高爐提供經(jīng)濟高質(zhì)的DRI。
MXCOL® and MIDREX® process can help China meet the goals of the 12th Five Year Plan.
MXCOL® 和MIDREX®工藝能幫助中國向十二五目標更邁進一步。